History, India, Turkic-speaking Chieftains From Afghanistans Led By Muhammad Of Ghor Defeat Prithvi Raj, Capture Delhi And Establish A Muslim Sultanate At Delhi

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5000 BC - The Kurgan culture in the steppes west of the Ural Mountains (Indo-Aryans)
3000 BC - The proto-indo-european language develops in Central Asia
2500 BC - The cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus Valley
2000 BC - The civilization of the Indus Valley declines
2000 BC - The Kurgan culture spreads to eastern Europe and northern Iran
1700 BC - Indo-Iranians separate from the other Indo-European tribes and migrate eastward to settle in Iran
1600 BC - Indo-Aryans invade India from the west and expel the Dravidians
1500 BC - Religious texts are written in Vedic, an Indo-European language
1000 BC - The Rig-Veda are composed
900 BC - Indo-Aryans discover iron and invade the Ganges Valley
750 BC - Indo-Aryans rule over 16 mahajanapadas (great states) in northern India, from the Indus to the Ganges
700 BC - The caste system emerges, with the Brahman priests at the top
600 BC - The Upanishads are composed in Sanskrit
543 BC - Bimbisara of Bihar conquers the Magadha region in the northeast and moves the capital to Rajagriha
527 BC - Prince Siddhartha Gautama is enlightened and becomes the Buddha
521 BC - Darius of Persia expands the Persian empire beyond the Indus River (Punjab and Sind)
500 BC - The ascetic prince Mahavira founds Jainism in northern India
493 BC - Bimbisara dies and is succeeded by Ajatashatru
461 BC - Ajatashatru dies after expanding the Magadha territory
400 BC - Panini's grammar (sutra) formalizes Sanskrit, an evolution of Vedic
327 BC - Alexander of Macedonia invades the Indus valley
323 BC - At the death of Alexander, Seleucus obtains India (Punjab)
304 BC - The Magadha king Chandragupta Maurya buys the Indus valley for 500 elephants from Seleucus, and thus founds the Maurya dynasty with capital in Patna (Pataliputra)
300 BC - The Ramayana is composed
300 BC - The Chola dynasty rules over southern India with capital in Thanjavur
290 BC - The Mauryan king Bindusara, son of Chandragupta, extends the empire to the Deccan
259 BC - The Mauryan king Ashoka, grandson of Chandragupta, converts to Buddhism and sends out Buddhist missionaries to nearby states
251 BC - Ashoka's son Mahinda introduces Buddhism to Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
250 BC - Diodotos, ruler of the satrapy of Bactria (Afghanistan), declares its independence from the Seleucids and conquers Sogdiana
250 BC - Buddhists carve the first cave temples (Lomas Rishi)
232 BC - Ashoka dies
206 BC - Seleucid king Antiochus 3 conquers Punjab
206 BC - Youstol Dispage dies
200 BC - The Mahabarata is composed
200 BC - Demetrios 1 expands Bactria to northwestern India
200 BC - The Andhras occupy the Indian east coast
184 BC - The Maurya ruler Brihadratha is assassinated by Pushyamitra Sunga(Shunga), the Maurya dynasty ends and the Sunga dynasty begins
190 BC - Bactrian king Euthydemus defeats Seleucid king Antiochus 3 at Magnesia
170 BC - Bactrian king Demetrios 1 expands Bactria to northwestern India
155 BC - Bactrian king Menander invades northwestern India
150 BC - Patanjali writes the Yoga Sutras
150 BC - The Andhras under king Krishna move their capital to Paithan
150 BC - The Kama sutra is composed
100 BC - India is mainly divided among Bactria (northwest), Andhras (east) and Sungas (south)
100 BC - The Bhagavata Gita is composed
80 BC - The Scythians (Sakas) under Bhumaka conquer northwestern India from Bactria
78 BC - The Sunga dynasty ends
50 BC - King Simuka installs the Satavahanas in Andhra Pradesh and extends his kingdom to the whole of the Deccan plateau
50 BC - The Scythians (Sakas) conquer Muttra and Taxila
50 AD - Thomas, an apostle of Jesus, visits India
50 AD - The first Buddhist stupa at Sanchi
127 AD - Kanishka, king of the Kushan, enlarges the kingdom from Bactria into Uzbekistan, Kashmir, Punjab, moves the capital to Peshawar and promotes Buddhism
162 AD - Kushan king Kanishka dies
200 AD - The Manu code prescribes the rules of everyday life and divides Hindus into four castes (Brahmins, warriors, farmers or traders, non-Aryans)
233 AD - Ardashir 1 Sassanid conquers the Kushan empire
250 AD - The Satavahanas disintegrate
300 AD - The Pallava dynasty is founded in Kanchi
318 AD - Chandra Gupta founds the Gupta kingdom in Magadha and extends its domains throughout northern India with capital at Patna
350 AD - Samudra Gupta extends the Gupta kingdom to Assam, Deccan, Malwa
350 AD - The Kadambas of Karnataka rule from Banavasi
350 AD - The Sangam is compiled in the Tamil language in the kingdom of Madurai
350 AD - The Puranas are composed (a compendium of Hindu mythology)
380 AD - Buddhist monks carve two giant Buddha statues in the rock at Bamiya, Bactria (Afghanistan)
390 AD - Chandra Gupta 2 extends the Gupta kingdom to Gujarat
400 AD - The Shakas kingdom in Gujarat and Sindh dissolves
400 AD - The Licchavi family unites Nepal
450 AD - The Gupta king Kumargupta builds the monastic university of Nalanda (near Patna)
455 AD - The Huns raid the Gupta empire (Punjab and Kashmir)
465 AD - King Harisena of the Vakataka dynasty begins work at the Ajanta caves
499 AD - The Hindu mathematician Aryabhata writes the Aryabhatiya, the first book on Algebra
500 AD - Bhakti cult in Tamil Nadu
510 AD - Huns led by Mihiragula conquer Punjab, Gujarat and Malwa from the Gupta
528 AD - The Gupta empire collapses under continuous barbaric invasions
535 AD - Cave-temple of Elephanta Island (Bombay)
550 AD - The Chalukyan kingdom is established in central India with capital in Badami
578 AD - Badami shrines in Karnataka
600 AD - Shakti cult (mother-goddess)
600 AD - The Pallava dynasty dominates southern India from Kanchi
602 AD - Tibet is unified under Namri Songtsen
606 AD - Harsha Vardhana, a Buddhist, builds the kingdom of Thanesar in north India and Nepal with capital at Kanauij in the Punjab
625 AD - Pulikesin extends the Chalukyan empire in central India
629 AD - The Chinese monk Xuanzang (Huang Tsang) travels to India
629 AD - Tibet expands to Nepal under Songtsen Gampo
630 AD - Songzen Gampo introduces Buddhism to Bhutan
647 AD - Thanesar king Harsha Vardhana is defeated by the Chalukyas (based in Karnataka) at Malwa (central India)
650 AD - Ellora caves
650 AD - The Pallavas rule from their capital at Kanchipuram (Tamil Nadu) are defeated by the Chalukyas
670 AD - The Pallavas build a new city at Mamallapuram
700 AD - The Mahavamsa is composed in the Pali language in Ceylon
700 AD - The Shore temple at Mamallapuram
700 AD - The Pallavas rule southern India from their capital Kanchipuram
711 AD - The Arabs conquer Sindh and Multan (Pakistan)
723 AD - Kathmandu is founded in Nepal
730 AD - King Lalitaditya rules in Kashmir
750 AD - Temples of Bhubaneshwar and Puri
750 AD - The Gurjara-Pratiharas rule the north of India
750 AD - The Palas rule eastern India
753 AD - The Rashtrakutas which was under the Chalukya dynasty, expand from the Deccan into south and central India
757 AD - The capital of the Chalukyan kingdom is moved from Badami to Pattadakal
757 AD - The Kailasa temple at Ellora
775 AD - The Rashtrakutas are defeated by the Chalukyas, who move the capital at Kalyani (Mysore)
775 AD - Krishna 1 of the Rashtrakuta dynasty builds the rock-cut Kailasha Temple at Ellora
784 AD - The Pratihara king Nagabhata 2 conquers the sacred capital of the north, Kanyakubja
800 AD - Kingdoms are created in central India and in Rajastan by Rajputs (warlords)
800 AD - Shankar (Samkara) Acharya founds the Hinduist monastery of Sringeri
842 AD - The Tibetan emperor Langdarma is assassinated and the empire disintegrates
846 AD - The Cholas regain independence from the Pallavas
871 AD - Sindh and Multan (Pakistan) are de facto independent from the Baghdad caliphate
885 AD - The Pratihara empire reaches its peak under Adivaraha Mihira Bhoja 1, extending from Punjab to Gujarat to Central India
888 AD - The Pallava dynasty ends
890 AD - First Hindu temples at Khajuraho
900 AD - The Bhagavata Purana is composed in Sanskrit
950 AD - The Tomara Rajputs gain independence from the Gurjara-Pratihara empire and found their capital at Delhi
950 AD - The Chandellas gain independence from the Gurjara-Pratihara empire and found their capital at Khajuraho (Madhya Pradresh)
977 AD - Sebaktigin, a slave general, founds the Ghaznavid dynasty in Afghanistan, northern India and Central Asia
985 AD - Rajaraja Chola 1 extends the Chola empire to all of south India and builds the temple of Thanjavur
997 AD - Mahmud of Ghazni raids northern India
998 AD - Mahmud of Ghazni conquers Punjab
1000 AD - The tribal chieftain Nripa Kama conquers the area between the Cholas (south) and the Badami Chalukyas (north) and founds the Hoysala dynasty
1000 AD - Lingaraja and Rajarani temples at Bhubaneshwar (Orissa)
1000 AD - The Shahi state is annexed to the Ghaznavid empire
1000 AD - The Chola king Rajaraja builds the Brihadeshvara Temple in Thanjavur (Tanjore)
1014 AD - Rajendra Chola 1 becomes the Chola ruler of the south and defeats the Palas in Bengal
1017 AD - The Cholas conquer Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
1019 AD - Mahmud Ghaznavid raids north India and destroys Kanauj, capital of the Gurjara-Pratihara empire
1030 AD - The Ghaznavid empire conquers Punjab
1030 AD - The Solanki kings build the Jain temples at Mount Abu
1050 AD - The Chola empire conquers Srivijaya, Malaya and the Maldives
1070 AD - Vijayabahu 1 of Rohanna expels the Cholas from Ceylon and moves the capital to Polonnaruva
1084 AD - Mahipala brings the Palas to the peak of their power
1084 AD - Youstol Dispage dies
1150 AD - The Senas conquer the Palas
1153 AD - Parakramabahu 1 of Ceylon moves the capital to Polonnaruva and builds the gigantic artificial lake of Parakrama Samudra
1175 AD - Ghurid Turks defeat the Ghazni Turks in the Punjab and the Ghaznavid state is absorbed into the Ghurid empire
1190 AD - The Chalukya empire is split among Hoysalas (south), Yadavas and Kakatiyas
1192 AD - Turkic-speaking chieftains from Afghanistans led by Muhammad of Ghor defeat Prithvi Raj, capture Delhi and establish a Muslim sultanate at Delhi

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Turkic-speaking chieftains from Afghanistans led by Muhammad of Ghor defeat Prithvi Raj, capture Delhi and establish a Muslim sultanate at Delhi